Restricted access | Chapter | First published July 10, 2026 | Part of Sustainable Value Creation: Integrating Marketing and Finance for SDG Achievement

14. IMPLICATION OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT TAX IN INDIA

Sustainable Value Creation: Integrating Marketing and Finance for SDG Achievement  |  https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.67103/IRG.SVC.2026.9788168516441.14

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Abstract

This report conducts a quantitative and comparative analysis of the Direct and Indirect Tax
systems within the Indian economy over the period 2015-2025. The primary objective is to
evaluate how the compositional balance and structural reforms within these two pillars of
public finance have influenced the nation's goals of economic equity and efficiency. Using
secondary data from official government sources and regulatory bodies, the study tracks
revenue trends, tax-to-GDP ratios, and effective tax incidence. The key finding is a structural
shift towards greater reliance on Indirect Taxes (specifically post-GST implementation) for
revenue stability and base broadening, leading to improved fiscal efficiency. However, this
increased reliance on consumption taxes poses challenges to the principle of vertical equity,
as Direct Tax contribution remains disproportionately low relative to the size of the formal
economy. The report concludes that while India has achieved significant efficiency gains,
targeted policy interventions are required to enhance direct tax compliance and ensure the
tax structure contributes robustly to equitable development.
Keywords

direct taxes indirect taxes taxation system in India tax structure in India fiscal policy in India progressive taxation regressive taxation tax incidence

Chapter information

Chapter title IMPLICATION OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT TAX IN INDIA
Author(s) Aboubakary Oumarou*, Mahima Shukla | Sharda School of Business Studies Sharda University, Greater Noida
Book title Sustainable Value Creation: Integrating Marketing and Finance for SDG Achievement
Book Doi https://doi.org/10.67103/IRG.SVC.2026.9788168516441
DOI https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.67103/IRG.SVC.2026.9788168516441.14
Publication date July 10, 2026
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How to cite

Aboubakary Oumarou*, Mahima Shukla | Sharda School of Business Studies Sharda University, Greater Noida. 2026. IMPLICATION OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT TAX IN INDIA. In: Sustainable Value Creation: Integrating Marketing and Finance for SDG Achievement. Book Doi https://doi.org/10.67103/IRG.SVC.2026.9788168516441. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.67103/IRG.SVC.2026.9788168516441.14

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